Statistical analysis involves the application of statistical techniques to scientific research in health-related fields, including medicine, drug discovery, and clinical trials research. The field of biostatistics has become an essential tool in improving the outcomes in R&D centres. It also generally involves statistical work in areas of environmental study, agricultural research and biology.

Biostatisticis plays essential roles in scheming studies and data analysis from research problems. It helps in formulation of scientific queries, establish the appropriate sampling techniques, coordinate data collection procedures, and carry out statistical analyses to answer those scientific questions.

Biostatistics also help develop new statistical techniques. The most active areas of research include Bayesian methods, high-speed computing and simulation, survival analysis, analysis of geographical patterns of disease, longitudinal data analysis, and methods for analyzing data from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.

Statistical analysis play an important role throughout any clinical trial, from planning, conduct, interim analysis and final analysis and reporting. The statistician devises the randomisation schedules. It provides guidances on sample size, criteria for measuring treatment differences and analysis of response rates. The data are shown in the form of survival curves. Analysis (interim and final) are the responsibility of the study statistician.